THE CROATIAN ACADEMY OF AMERICA

THE THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL GENERAL ASSEMBLY

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Journal of Croatian Studies, XXVIII-XXIX, 1987-88 - Annual Review of the Croatian Academy of America, Inc. New York, N.Y., Electronic edition by Studia Croatica, by permission. All rights reserved by the Croatian Academy of America.

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The Thirty-Third Annual General Assembly of the Academy was held in the New York Hilton Hotel in New York City on May 23, 1987. Following the verification of proxies, Dr. Edward S. Yambrušić was elected to chair the Assembly. In his introductory remarks, Yambrušić said that each year the Academy's responsibilities have been increasing and that the Academy is meeting them more than adequately, considering the small number of members dispersed in a large geographic area.

President Dr. Jere Jareb greeted those present and asked them to pay tribute with a moment of silence to deceased member Dr. Charles Zudenigo, who was born in Senj, Croatia in 1902 and died in Ashland, Oregon in January 1987. In his report Dr. Jareb gave a general overview of the Academy's activities during the past year. The Academy's most important accomplishment was publishing volume 25-26 of the Journal of Croatian Studies, dedicated to the Croatian language. He said that a detailed account of the Academy's activities will be given in reports of the Executive Secretary and other members of the Executive Council.

Recorder Dr. Carl Yirka reported that the Executive Council held six meetings. The Executive Secretary Maria K. Tuškan traveled from Cincinnati to New York City to take part in all meetings.

In her report, Executive Secretary Maria K. Tuškan M.D. said that there are no significant changes in the Academy's membership. The number of regular, corresponding and contributing members was slightly over 200. One member died and two new members were accepted. In addition there were what she called 15 "recalcitrating members", who either failed to answer recent communications or moved without leaving a forwarding address. Attempts were made to clarify their status. One issue of the Chronicle (No. 70) was published. It was followed by the Announcement of April 8, 1987 which contained brief notes about the Academy's activities which usually appear in the Chronicle. A few weeks ago a new 280-page double issue of the Journal of Croatian Studies, dedicated to the Croatian language, was published. The volume was well received. Some members and subscribers referred to it as the most outstanding volume of the Journal ever published. Dr. Tuškan also reported that the by-laws regulating the Academy's chapters, which were approved by the Thirty-Second Annual General Assembly on May 24, 1986 in Chicago, were published.

Treasurer Vinko Kužina reported that revenues were slightly over $10,000 and expenditures slightly under $10,000. The main source of income was membership dues, close to $7,500. He especially pointed out that Stanislava Rotkvič M.D., a regular member, also became a lifetime member by contributing $1,000. Four contributing members contributed $100 each. The donations to the Academy amounted to almost $1,000. Nicholas Milosevich contributed $50 in memory of Duško Duišin, and $50 in memory of Miro Gal; Vinko Kužina, in memory of J. and T. Kužina, $200. Most of the expenditures were for publishing the Journal and for mailings. The administrative costs would have been much greater, if were it not for services and materials contributed by some members without charge. Closing balance is $21,568.

Karlo Mirth, Managing Editor of the Journal, said that he is glad that he does not need to talk anymore about the volume dedicated to the Croatian language. Now, when the volume is finally published, it is up to the readers and critics to talk about it. He briefly described the contents of the next volume which will be dedicated to Croatian Renaissance, and introduced Dr. James Sadkovich as new Book Review Editor. Mirth also presented the report of Mrs. Xenia Duišin, Circulation Manager, and pointed out that she needs assistance in her work.

The President of the Committee of Control, Stanislava Rotkvić, M.D. reported that business records were found to be in good order, and that the work of the Executive Council was successful.

After a brief recess, the Nominating Committee proposed the list of all positions of the new Executive Council, except the Executive Secretary, whose term expires next year. The list was accepted and the following were elected:

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL: President Jere Jareb (Loretto, PA); Vice Presidents: Edward S. Yambrušić (Washington, D.C.) and Xenia Duišin (New York, NY); Treasurer Vinko Kužina (Fort Lee, NJ); Recorder Carl Yirka (New York, NY). Maria K. Tuškan (Cincinnati, Ohio) continues as the Executive Secretary until the next Assembly.

Members of the Executive Council: Mira Ashby (Toronto, Canada), Srećko Duhović (San Pedro, CA), Tomislav Gabrić (Arcadia, CA), Carolyn Owlett Hunter (Alexandria, VA), Ante Kadič (Bloomington, Ind.), Nicholas Milosevich (New York, NY), Karlo Mirth (New York, NY), Vlado Petranović (Willowdale, Ont., Canada), Mario Spalatin (Wauwatosa, WI), Warren Spehar (Somers, NY), Josip Vrbić (Concord, CA) and Ivo Vučičević (San Francisco, CA).

COMMITTEE OF CONTROL: President Stanislava Rotkvić (Edison, NJ); Members: Ante Nizeteo (Kensington, MD) and Šime Vatavuk (Glen Cove, NY).

President Jareb opened the discussion of new business. Mrs. Mira Ashby discussed plans of the Toronto chapter and broached several topics of interest for both Canadian and U.S. members. James Sadkovich discussed several projects which might be considered for current and future activities. Several other topics were discussed by Bogdan Radica, Jakov Bačić, Warren Spehar and some members of the Executive Council.

In the evening the traditional dinner for members and friends of the Academy was held at Hilton's Hurlingham Restaurant.

THE THIRTY-FOURTH ANNUAL GENERAL ASSEMBLY

The Thirty-Fourth Annual General Assembly was held in the New York Hilton in New York City on Saturday May 21, 1988. President Dr. Jere Jareb welcomed all present, and asked them to pay tribute to two deceased members, Dr. Ante Smith Pavelić, a former diplomat who died in Fort Worth, Texas on January 13 and was interred in Paris, France; and Zdenko Eiler, a civil engineer who died in Toronto on March 26.

Dr. Slavko Yambrušić, who was elected to preside over the Assembly, invited President Jareb to submit his report. Jareb pointed out that just a month ago the Academy completed thirty-five years of its existence, characterized by remarkable consistency and perseverance in fulfilling its program. The results of our work are best reflected in the Journal of Croatian Studies. Two most recent issues, one dedicated to Croatian renaissance; and, the other on the Croatian language are generally praised as high achievements. Recorder Dr. Carl Yirka reported on the Executive Council meetings held during the past year. In her report, Executive Secretary Maria K. Tuškan M.D. pointed that members who recently joined the Academy are mostly younger people, many of them born in the United States or Canada. The Academy also has a new lifetime member, Mr. Nick Prša from Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. Mr. Prša, who for a number of years was an annual-contributing member, sent $1,000 (U.S.) to qualify for life membership. One of his interests is in promoting the knowledge of Croatian history and culture among English-speaking people. In addition to the Journal he suggested the use of modern media such as videotapes. Related to the membership drive, the Executive Secretary reported on an informal get-together meeting for younger professionals of Croatian descent held in New York City on March 18. She reported that the Academy has over 200 members. The status of about a half a dozen members has to be clarified, as some of them moved without leaving forwarding addresses, and, others failed to respond to recent communications.

Since the last General Assembly one issue of the Journal (vol. 27) and one issue of the Chronicle, no. 20 (71) were published.

The Executive Secretary presented information received from the Toronto chapter on their activities, proposals and plans. There were no activities reported by the Midwest chapter in Chicago. Inasmuch as Mr. Ivo Vučičević, the former President of the Academy was pre-sent, representing the West Coast chapter, Mrs. Tuškan invited him to report on that chapter's activities and he has done so.

Treasurer Vinko Kužina reported on three traditional sources of the Academy income: membership dues, subscriptions to the Journal and contributions. Subscriptions to the Journal and sale of the back-issues have increased markedly in comparison to previous years. The current balance is $28,758, the largest we ever had. However, we have to keep in mind, he observed, that we are behind the schedule in publishing the Journal. The most recent volume published a few months ago was 1986; thus we must have sufficient funds at hand for three volumes: 1987, 1988 and 1989. He also gave a detailed breakdown of income and expenditures.

Managing Editor of the Journal, Karlo Mirth, reported on publicity given to the volumes 25-26 and 27 by Croatian newspapers and magazines. Croatian students in Australia reported extensively on the Journal's contents in English-language sections of two Croatian weeklies: Spremnost and Hrvatski Vjesnik. Favorable reviews appeared in Hrvatska Revija, Nova Hrvatska and the Spanish-language quarterly, Studia Croatica. As usual, the Journal was indexed by major bibliographic services in the United States. Mr. Mirth's report included information provided by Circulation Manager, Mrs. Xenia Duišin. The Journal can be found in libraries of Western and Eastern Europe. Also, it is being sent to libraries in Zagreb, Split, Zadar, Dubrovnik, Ljubljana, Sarajevo, Belgrade, Skoplje, Cetinje and some other locations. The most important U.S. and Canadian university and college libraries are regular subscribers. Recently some West German university libraries entered their subscription and ordered several backissues.

In her report Stanislava Rotkvić M.D., President of the Committee of Control, reported that business records were found in good order and praised the Executive Council for work well done. After a brief recess the Nominating Committee proposed the following slate which was elected:

EXECUTIVE COUNCIL: President Maria K. Tuškan (Cincinnati, Ohio), Vice Presidents: Edward S. Yambrušić (Washington, D.C.) and Xenia Duišin (New York, NY), Executive Secretary: Carl Yirka (New York, NY), Treasurer Vinko Kužina (Fort Lee, NJ), Recorder: Ana Raguz (New York, NY).

Members of the Executive Council: Mira Ashby (Toronto, Canada), Tomislav Gabrić (Arcadia, CA), Carolyn Owlett Hunter (Alexandria, VA), Jere Jareb (Loretto, PA), Ante Kadić (Bloomington, Ind), Nicholas Milosevich (New York, NY), Karlo Mirth (New York, NY), Vedran Nazor (New York, NY), Anne Pavlich (Bethseda, MD), Vlado Petranović (Willowdale, Ont., Canada), Mario Spalatin (Wauwatosa, WI), Warren Spehar (Somers, NY), Josip Vrbić (Concord, CA) and No Vućičević (San Francisco, CA).

COMMITTEE OF CONTROL: President Stanislava Rotkvić (Edison, NJ), members: Ante Bazioli (Trenton, NJ) and Ante Nizeteo (Kensington, MD).

Newly-elected President, Mrs. Tuškan, who served last twelve years as the Executive Secretary, is the tenth president since the Academy was founded, and the first woman elected to this position. She expressed her thanks and opened discussion on new business. The first item on the agenda was the place and date where the next General Assembly be held. There were two proposals, the Toronto chapter proposing Toronto and the West Coast chapter proposing California (Los Angeles or San Francisco). It has been agreed that the Assembly will be held in California during the Memorial Day weekend. Mr. Vučičević will discuss the matter with the West Coast chapter members and inform the Executive Council of the location. Among those who took part in discussion on several topics of current interest were Ante Nizeteo, Bogdan Radica and others.

In the evening a banquet for members and friends of the Academy was held in the Polo Room of the Hurlingham Restaurant at the Hilton.

TORONTO CHAPTER'S ESSAY CONTEST

Toronto Chapter of the Croatian Academy of America is sponsoring an essay contest to encourage a better understanding of Croatian culture and history.

This competition will take the form of 6,000 to 14,000 word essay written about the following topics:

1. Current political developments in Croatia.

2. Croatian literature (literary trends, profiles of individual writers).

3. Croatian emigration after World War II.

4. Social changes in Croatia in our time.

5. Croatian scientists and their contribution to science today.

6. Economic potential of Croatia (Croatia's position in exchange of goods in Central Europe; role of its economy in European and international trade).

The essay contest is open to all college and university students, except holders of a doctoral degree. Two or more students may participate in writing an essay. Members of the jury will be recognized experts in their fields.

Three prizes will be awarded in Canadian dollars: $500 first prize, $400 second and $300 third prize. Winning essays will be submitted for possible publication in the Journal of Croatian Studies, Annual Review of the Croatian Academy of America.

Manuscripts should be in the English language, typed double spaced, in two copies and sent to: Croatian Academy of America, Chapter Toronto, P.O. Box 174, Don Mills, Ontario, M3C 2S2, Canada. Deadline is January 1, 1990.

NOTES ON BOOKS AND AUTHORS

JAKOV BAČIĆ'S doctoral dissertation, defended before a panel of historians and linguists at Columbia University in March 1983 (The Emergence of the Sklabenoi [Slays], Their Arrival on the Balkan Peninsula and the Role of the Avars in These Events: Revised Concepts in a New Perspective, University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1984, pp. 354.), examines two problems: the sixth-century location of the Slavs and the role of the Avars in early Slavic history.

Based on primary written sources, the study offers answers that differ substantially from those current in scholarly literature.

Bačić shows that the Slavs began the conquest of the Balkans around 520 A.D. Since the Avars arrived on the Roman frontier in 558, it was established that they could not have initiated this conquest, as is commonly assumed. The problem of Avar-Slav relations is examined. The view that these Asiatic nomads ruled the agricultural Slav was rejected as unsupported by the sources.

Bačić's method and the results have gained a favorable mention in the work of Russian Academician Oleg Nikolaevich Trubachov devoted to the problem of Slavic ethnogenesis (see Voprosy Jazykoznanija, No. 4 (1985) p. 9). This scholar, using chiefly linguistic evidence, argues that the protohome of all Slavs was situated in the same area from which Bačić maintains that the South Slays had originated. That is, that modern Austria, Hungary, Slovakia and northern Yugoslavia be considered as the cradle of the Slavs rather than the Pripyat Marshes.

O.N. Trubachov referred to Bačić's work in an article written for a wider audience. Under the title "Slavs: Language and History" published in Pravda of March 28, 1987, Trubachov said: "I need not present any special proofs that biased views of the Slavs' linguistic and historical past can well be encountered outside the "West". My intentions do not include presenting a detailed account of this laborious scholarly question. Moreover, and to place an unambiguous dividing line between the "West" and the "non-West" would only serve as another oversimplification.

Roughly three years ago a young early-Slav historian from abroad, Jakov Bacic, visited our institute. He himself is a Yugoslav, a Croatian, but he lives and works in the United States at a university in the city of Eugene, in the state of Oregon. He brought with him his dissertation, which he had defended at Columbia University; its fundamental idea came down to a revision of the never-ending depreciation of the Slavs' independent historical past that is found in the works of some French, American, and West German historians. He did a skillful job, with facts in hand".

IVO BANAC, The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics. Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 1984, 452 p.

Banac's book was awarded the Wayne S. Vucinich Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies for the outstanding American scholarly work in Russian/Soviet and East Euro-pean studies published in 1984.

The following are excerpts from published reviews. Michael B. Petrovich (Slavic Review, vol 44, no. 2, Summer 1985, pp. 369-370) said: "Ivo Banac has written the most comprehensive, judicious, and objective account of the origins, development, and politics of the Yugoslav national question up to the aftermath of World War I that exists in any language. What especially enhances the value of this ac-count is not only the author's thorough grasp of the political intricacies of his subject but his erudite command of cultural factors. As the book's footnotes and bibliography amply attest, Banac is well acquainted with both the traditional and the latest literature dealing with his subject." Petrovich praises "the book's clear structure, good style, maps, tables, and delightful portraits." "Moreover, Banac's admirable command of the English language leads and entices readers through even the thickest part of the Balkan jungle".

Gale Stokes (American Historical Review, June 1985, pp. 732-733) said that the greatest strength of Banac's book is "the thoroughness and accuracy with which he recounts the historical background, personal factors, and ideological structures within which Yugoslav politicians worked." He also said that the book is "a pleasure to read. Banac has flair" and concludes: "In scope, detail and presentation, this book finds few equals in the literature of Southeast Europe. It is simply one of the finest studies of the region that Western scholarship has produced".

ANTIN IWACHNIUK, a Canadian-Ukranian scholar has translated The Chronicle of the Priest from Duklja (Kronika popa Dukljanina) from Croatian into Ukranian under the title Litopis popa Dukljanina: Z horvatskoj movi pereklav Antin V. Ivahnjuk. The book was published by University of Ottawa Press, as vol. 8 of the series of Ukranian Studies. (ISBN 0-7766-0144-X).

ANTE KADIĆ, Essays in South Slavic Literature. New Haven, Yale Center for International and Area Studies, 1988, 260 p.

This is a collection of 19 essays; four of them were published previously in the Journal of Croatian Studies. Thomas Eekman (University of California, Los Angeles) wrote the Foreword in which he said: "Ante Kadić has, during his many years as a scholar in the United States, published a large number of papers, essays, and book reviews, as well as several books. They all serve a common purpose: that of acquanting the English-speaking world with Croatian and South Slavic literature and, often by way of that literature, with the culture and history in that part of Europe as well."

VLADIMIR MARKOTIC, ed. Symposium: Emigrants from Croatia and Their Achievements. Calgary, Western Publishers, 1987, 113 p. (address: Western Publishers, P.O. Box 30193, Station B. Calgary, Alberta, Canada)

The volume contains papers presented at the Symposium, Emigrants from Croatia and Their Achievements, held at the University of Calgary on July 7, 1984. The authors of the papers are Anne Ivanus, Alexandre Lopasic, Vladimir.Markotic, Karlo Mirth, Laurie Nock, Nedo Paveskovic and Anthony Rasporich.

EDWARD SLAVKO YAMBRUSIC, Treaty Interpretation: Theory and Reality. (Lanham, MD, London and New York: University Press of America, 1987, 298 p.

The book is based on author's dissertation (J.D., Ph.D. International Law, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.) From author's introduction: "The thesis of this investigation is that neither the judicial praxis nor international legislation, individually or together, have provided a realistic solution to the fundamental challenge facing the International Court of Justice of finding the right balance between stability and progressive development of international law."

OBITUARIES

JEROME COLICH

Jerome Colich, an expert in philately and numismatics, member of the Croatian Academy of America who for many years served as the Academy's Treasurer, died in New York City on August 3, 1988.

Colich was born in Zlarin, Croatia on October 24, 1903. Since childhood he was interested in the arts, and has shown special talent in drawing, painting and music. However, from his early age, he had to struggle hard to make a living. It turned out that his hobby of philately and numismatics ultimately became his profession. He became a dealer and owner of a well-known stamp and rare coin shop in Zagreb. Among his friends and acquaintances were several people prominent in public life, including some painters. As a lover of art, Colich also became an art collector.

Colich immigrated to the United States in 1959. For a number of years he worked for J. and H. Stolow Inc., a leading stamp and coin dealer in New York City.

He published articles on stamps and coins of South Eastern Europe. The Journal of Croatian Studies (vol. 9-10 for 1968) published his article, "Coins of Dubrovnik."

In 1966 Colich was elected to the Executive Council of the Croatian Academy of America and served as the Academy's Treasurer until 1974. In this position he made a very valuable contribution to the growth and success of the Academy. In addition, he was a member of Hrvatsko Numizmatičko Društvo (Zagreb), Hrvatsko Filatelističko Društvo (Zagreb), American Numismatic Association and several other American organizations in his field of interest.

Colich never forgot his native country. At his suggestion and from his own resources, an old chapel, Sveti Šime (St. Simon), in Zlarin was renovated and opened as a small museum. He donated paintings and other valuable objects to the museum, among them a unique collection of medals.

Colich himself was an amateur painter. In the last years of his life he produced numerous drawings, vignettes and water colors. His acquarelles depict mostly scenes from the Adriatic shore. He is survived by his wife Ana, née Hagjija, and other relatives in the United States and Croatia. The church rites at the burial were conducted by Rev. Dr. Marijan Valković, professor of theology at the University of Zagreb. Colich was interred in the St. Lawrence cemetery in New Haven, Connecticut.

ZDENKO EILER

Zdenko Eiler, a civil engineer and a member of the Croatian Academy of America, died in Toronto, Canada on March 26, 1988. Zdenko Eiler was born in Krapina, Croatia on February 24, 1924. He graduated the Fourth High School [Gymnasium] for boys in Zagreb in 1942, and enrolled at the Technical Faculty of the University of Zagreb, also served in Croatian Army. He obtained his Civil Engineer degree in 1952. Following his graduation he joined Geoistraživanja, a Zagreb company, and worked on dam projects in Croatia and abroad, in Siria, France and Austria. In 1961 he left Yugoslavia with his family and joined Interfels company in Salzburg, Austria. He stayed with Austrian company till 1964 when he immigrated to Canada. Initially he was employed by H.G. Acres & Co. in Niagara Falls, Ontario. From 1966 to 1983 he worked for Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario as Senior Soils Engineer. He was involved in work on several major projects, among them Pickering and Bruce Nuclear Generating Stations.

Eiler also was a member of Croatian-Canadian Business and Professional Association and Croatian Catholic Parish, "Our Lady, Queen of Croatia" in Toronto. Actively promoting Croatian folklore, he contributed to Croatian radio programs in Toronto and Mississauga, published articles in Croatian newspapers, prepared booklets for Canadian-Croatian Folklore Festivals, and was one of the founders of pavilion "Dubrovnik" for exhibits "Caravan of Nations" in Toronto. He is survived by his wife Anica (née Prpić), daughters Elica Koger and Andrea Patterson, all of Toronto, Ontario.

ANTE SMITH PAVELIĆ

Ante Smith Pavelić, former diplomat, political analyst, writer and member of the Croatian Academy of America, died in Fort Worth, Texas on January 13, 1988.

Ante Pavelić was born in Zagreb on February 28, 1903. His father Dr. Ante Pavelić (1869-1938), a dentist, was the President of the Croatian Party of Rights (Mile Starčević's faction milinovci), and was elected deputy to Croatian Sabor in Zagreb from 1906 to 1918. He played a major role in breaking Croatia's ties with Austria-Hungary, in establishing the National Congress in Zagreb, and signing an agreement with the Kingdom of Serbia to form a new state, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Since birth Ante Pavelić was exposed to politics, and his formative years witnessed the most crucial changes during and after World War I. He earned his law degree from the University of Zagreb in 1925, and entered the Yugoslav diplomatic service. He served in several posts abroad, including Rome, Switzerland, Chicago and New York. In Chicago he married Mary Smith, an American, and since that time, he signed his name Ante Smith Pavelić to avoid the possibility of being confused with his namesakes. In 1941 he returned from Switzerland to the United States. American experts on Central and South East Europe with whom he maintained close contact, were impressed by Pavelić's knowledge of the area and his analyses of war events. When former Ban of Croatia, Dr. Ivan Šubašić (who was later to become the President of the Yugoslav government in exile, in London), arrived in the United States, A.S. Pavelić became Subašić's most valuable aide and advisor. However, Pavelič didn't follow Šubašić, when Šubašić returned to Europe and signed an agreement with Tito on behalf of the Yugoslav government in exile.

After the World War, Pavelić and his wife moved to Paris. They bought a villa which at one time was owned by French composer Debussy. In their home, they often entertained many American friends. Pavelić also regularly met Croats living or visiting Paris, and was remembered by all as a friendly and very generous man. He was a member of the Travellers and Cercle Interallié in Paris.

A. S. Pavelić maintained close contact with numerous Croatian intellectuals in exile, and shared with them his experience, knowledge and a wealth of information, which he systematically gathered. He promoted plans to coordinate activities of exiled political leaders, with men prominent in arts and letters, and other professionals; hoping this would lead to the formation of a representative Croatian organization in exile. He dedicated a great deal of time to research and writings which resulted the publication of the book Dr. Ante Trumbić — Problemi Hrvatsko-Srpskih Odnosa (Munchen, Knjižnica Hrvatske Revije, 1959, 338p), containing introduction by sculptor Ivan Meštrović. The book, an outstanding scholarly work on Croatian political leader Ante Trumbić (1864-1938) presents with extraordinary lucidity a well-documented analysis of the problems of Croato-Serbian relations. In perspective of current events in Yugoslavia, Pavelić's book, although written some thirty years ago is very interesting and especially timely reading.

Pavelić was a contributor to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, to Hrvatska Revija and he made possible, continuous publication of Slobodna Rijeć, a Croatian-language monthly for contemporary political, economic, cultural and social problems, published in Buenos Aires. His analyses of world events, published in Slobodna Riječ were signed "Junius". Many other were not signed at all, but were recognizable by those who knew his style, and they were always high-class journalism. Pavelić also sent news and background information to Professor Pavao Tijan, editor of the Croatian-language program of Radio Madrid.

I met A.S. Pavelić for the first time in Madrid in 1948, when I was publishing bulletin Croatia Press. We corresponded during past forty years, and met on numerous occasions. He was always extraordinarily polite, attentive, well-informed and it was a pleasure to con-verse with him. His letters were equally informative, instructive and characterized by sound judgements. He was sending me articles from the foreign press, and other valuable information from other sources. Without this assistance, Croatia Press would not have been such a well-informed publication. All what A.S. Pavelić was doing he did unassumingly, avoiding publicity and public acknowledgment.

After the death of his first wife Pavelić remarried and subsequently returned to the United States. For the last dozen years or so he lived in Fort Worth, Texas and survived his second wife.

A.S. Pavelić's death deeply saddened numerous friends he had in Croatian diaspora in America and Europe. He was interred in Paris.

MAXIMILIAN PERSHE

Maximilian Pershe [Ratimir Maksimilijan Perše], a member of the Croatian Academy of America, was killed by a car on May 25, 1988 when walking on a street in San Juan, Puerto Rico. A day before his tragic death Dr. Pershe celebrated his 72nd birthday.

Ratimir Perše was born in Lepoglava, Croatia on May 24, 1916. He obtained a Law degree from the University of Zagreb and entered the Croatian diplomatic service. After the War he immigrated to the United States and earned a Law degree from Fordham University and a Master's in Library Science from Columbia. He worked as Law librarian at Columbia and Rutgers University. From 1965 till his retirement in 1981 he was Director of the Library, and Professor at the Law School of the University of Puerto Rico.

CHARLES ZUDENIGO

Dr. Charles [Dragutin] Zudenigo, a member of the Croatian Academy of America died in Ashland, Oregon on January 17, 1987.

Dragutin Zudenigo was born in Senj, a city on Adriatic coast in Croatia, on June 1, 1902. He graduated from the High School, reknown Gymnasium of Senj, studied at the university of Zagreb and Paris and obtained his doctorate in Law from the University of Zagreb.

Zudenigo held positions in government administration as a district head before World War II. Following the end of the war he lived as a political emigré in Austria till 1957, when he immigrated to the United States. After a brief stay in Washington D.C. he moved to Syracuse and thought French at LeMoyne College from 1958 till 1965. From 1965 till his retirement in 1975 he taught French language and culture at the Southern Oregon College in Ashland, Oregon.

Zudenigo, who spoke and read several languages, pursued wide intellectual and cultural interests: history of Western civilization, French language and literature, and, especially Croatian cultural and political affairs, corresponding with a large number of friends and acquaintainces. He was very popular among his students, wrote poems and little stories in French for their publications or for special occasions in their individual life. Never married, he lived very modestly, and shared very generously all what he had. By all who knew him he is remembered as a very good, likeable person whose basic philosophy of life was Christian ethics, and, he made every effort to live truly by it.

NOTES ON THE CONTRIBUTORS

DALIBOR BROZOVIĆ (born 1927 in Sarajevo), full professor of "Croatian or Serbian language" at the Faculty of Philosophy in Zadar. He obtained his Ph. D. from the University of Zagreb in 1957, became a member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb in 1977.

Brozović is the author of two books, Rječnik jezika ili jezik rječnika (Zagreb, 1969), and Standardni jezik (Zagreb, 1970). He has published more than three hundred studies, reports and critical reviews in professional linguistic journals, and about four hundred and fifty articles in literary periodicals and newspapers. Among his studies are the following: "Hrvatski jezik, njegovo mjesto unutar južnoslavenskih i drugih slavenskih jezika, njegove povijesne mijene kao jezika hrvatske književnosti" [Croatian Language, Its Place in the South Slavic Language Family and Among Other Slavic Languages, Its Diachrony and Its Role in Croatian Literature], in the book Hrvatska književnost u evropskom kontekstu (Zagreb, Liber, 1978, pp. 9-83); "About the Characteristics of the Dialectal Isoglosses in the South-Slavic Language Territory" in Studia Linguistica Alexandro Vasilli Filio Issatschenko a collegis amicisque oblata (Lisse, The Petter de Ridder Press, 1978, p. 41-55); "Slavianskie standartnye iazyki i sravnitel'nyi metod," Voprosy iazykoznaniia 16, 1967; "Der Richtungswandel in der Entwicklung der kroatischen Literatursprache an der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert," Zeitschrift für Slawistik, 29, 1984, pp. 892-903); "Pour une typologie des ligues de langue" in Aspects of Language, (vol. 1 Geolinguistics, Amsterdam, Rodopi, 1986, p. 31-50). "Die Entwicklungsetappen bei der Bildung des kroatischen neustokavischen Sprachstandards 1750-1900," Die Welt der Slaven, 21, 1976 p. 14-27).

Brozović is a member of the editorial board of the Annals of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, Rad JAZU; a member of the editorial board and contributor to the Slovník Slovanské Lingvistické Terminologie (Prague, Akademia I, 1977, II, 1979); a member of the editorial board and contributor to the Obshcheslavianskii Lingvisticheskii Atlas (Moscow, 1978); member of the editorial board, author and co-author to a comprehensive volume on phonological description of Slavic languages spoken in Yugoslavia which were covered in General Slavic Linguistic Atlas (Sarajevo, 1981, 828p). This ambitious project was sponsored by the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Hercegovina in cooperation with the academies of sciences and arts of all republics of Yugoslavia; member of the editorial board and contributor to the atlas of European languages — Atlas linguarum Europae, published since 1983 in Assen, Netherlands; a member of editorial board and contributor to Radovi filozofskog fakulteta u Zadru; member of editorial board and contributor to Bosansko-hercegovački dijalektološki zbornik; contributor to Hrvatski dijalektološki zbornik, Zbornik Matice srpske za filologiju i lingvistiku, Radovi Institute za jezik i književnost, Radovi Institute za hrvatsku povijest, Zbornik Zagrebačke slavističke škole, Lêtopis Instituta za serbski ludospyt, Wiener slavistischer Jahrbuch and others. His papers appeared in proceedings of various symposia. Brozović contributes to encyclopaedias and lexicons (Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, Zagreb, Školski leksikon, Zagreb). His articles appeared in the following periodicals and serials: Baltistica, Croatica, Filologija, Hrvatsko kolo, Jezik, Kritika, Krugovi, Makedonski jazik, Mogućnosti, Phonologica, Republika, Riječka Revija, Slavia, Suvremena lingvistika, Voprosy iazykoznaniia, Die Welt der Slawen, Zadarska Revija, Zeitschrift für Slawistik and others.

In addition to his scholarly work in linguistics, Brozović translated poetry from English, American, Russian, Ukranian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Slovenian, Macedonian and Arab literatures into Croatian. He also translated Croatian and Macedonian poetry into esperanto.

Brozović is also a member of the Society of Croatian Writers. He gave lectures in most European countries, including several republics of the Soviet Union, the United Sates, Canada and China.

CAROLYN OWLETT HUNTER, a native of Upstate New York, studied languages, musicology and library science at Ithaca College, Cornell University, and Syracuse University, respectively. The author and editor of numerous articles in these disciplines, Ms. Hunter is employed by The U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board in Washington D.C.

ANTE KADIĆ, (b. 1910 in Poljica near Split, Croatia) studied in Split, Rome, Basel and Geneva; having obtained Ph.D. and certificate in Biblical studies (Rome), license letters, and diploma in political sciences in Geneva. He was employed by the United Nations in Geneva, Paris, and — for three years — in Beirut, Lebanon. Soon after his arrival in the United States (1953), he began to teach South Slavic languages and literatures at the University of California, Berkeley. From 1960 until his retirement he was professor of South Slavic literature at Indiana University.

Kadić has published the following books: Croatian Reader with Vocabulary, 2nd ed., 1960; Contemporary Croatian Literature, 1960; Contemporary Serbian Literature, 1964; From Croatian Renaissance to Yugoslav Socialism, 1969 (All these books were published by Mouton, The Hague, Holland); The Tradition of Freedom in Croatian Literature (Bloomington, Indiana, 1983); Domovinska riječ (Message from the Homeland, Barcelona, 1978), Iseljena Hrvatska (Emigrant Croatia, Chicago, 1979); the second volume of Domovinska riječ Chicago, 1986, and Essays in South Slavic Literature (New Haven, Yale, 1988). Together with Professor Eekman he edited a symposium on Križanič, 1974. He has contributed articles and reviews to the Slavic Review, Slavonic and East European Review, (London), Slavic and East European Journal, Comparative Literature (Oregon), Books Abroad — World Literature Today, East European Quarterly, Journal of Croatian Studies, Studia Croatica (Buenos Aires), Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas, Slovene Studies, Serbian Studies, South Slavic Journal (London), Balkan Studies (Thessaloniki), Literaturna misel and Ezik i literatura (Sofia), Kolo (Zagreb), Iskra (Munich), Hrvatska revija (Barcelona), and other periodicals and journals.

Kadić has received several grants and fellowships for research or to attend international conferences in the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Italy.

He is a member of various professional organizations.

Kadić participates regularly at the meetings of American Slavists and the international congresses of Slavic scholars; he is invited by Croatian groups in the United States, Canada and Europe to speak about literary topics.

KAZIMIR KATALINIĆ, was born in Rijeka, Croatia in 1927. He attended high schools in Croatia, continued his secondary education in Rome, Italy where he graduated. In 1948 Katalinić immigrated to Argentina, earned his master's degree in chemistry from the University of Buenos Aires in 1960, and since then is following a teaching career. Immediately upon his arrival to Argentina Katalinić became very much involved in Croatian political and cultural life. At the age of 31 he was elected secretary of Hrvatska Republikanska Stranka [Croatian Republican Party], founded by Croatian emigres in Buenos Aires, and, he holds this position till today.

Katalinić is author of numerous articles and essays in Croatian, most of them published in Republika Hrvatska [Croatian Republic], a quarterly journal, published by the Croatian Republican Party in Buenos Aires. He also edited the book Vizija slobode [Vision of Freedom], a selection of most important political-philosophical articles of late professor Ivan Oršanić, founder of the Croatian Republican Party.

ANTHONY M. MLIKOTIN received his Ph.D. in Comparative Literature in 1959 from Indiana University, Indiana. He taught at MIT, San Francisco State University and in 1965 joined the staff of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. At the latter, he created the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures and chaired it for twelve years. His books include Turgenev and Henry James, Western Philosophical Systems in Russian Literature (as editor), As Literature Speaks, and A Dictionary of Russian Literary terminology. His newest book Friedrich Nietzsche: Mind's Greatest Storyteller is presently under consideration for publication. In Croatian literature his specialty is Croatian literary criticism.

OLGA B. NEDELJKOVIĆ. Professor, Associate and Visiting Associate Professor of Slavic Linguistics (Philology), U. of Illinois at Chicago (1976-present); Visiting Scholar, Yale (1975-76) and U. of Michigan (Ann Arbor) and Yale (1972-73); Senior Researcher, Staroslavenski Institut (Zagreb; 1971-1976); Assistant Professor, U. of Zadar (1967-1971).

Ph.D. University of Skopje 1967.

Honors and Awards: NEH Fellowship (1985-86); Fulbright Fellowship (1975-76); Fulbright Fellowship (1972-73); UNESCO Fellowship to Poland (1967-68); NEH Summer Stipend Award (1984); Summer Grants to Cambridge, England (1975), Prague (1974 and 1969), Bratislava (1971), Sofia (1968 and 1969).

Major publications include: co-author, Ćirilo i Metodije, Žitija — Službe — Kanoni — Pohvale (1974); author of more than fifty scholarly articles in the field of Old Slavic literatures. Most of these articles are published in Slovo (Zagreb), Filologija (Zagreb), Suvremena lingvistika (Zagreb), Radovi (Zadar), Slavia (Prague), Rocznik slawistyczny (Warsaw), Makedonski jazik (Skopje), Zbornik za slavistiku (Novi Sad), Istočniki i istoriografija slavjanskogo sredne-vekov'ja (Moscow), Slavjanskie kul'tury i Balkany (Sofia), Papers in Slavic Philology (Ann Arbor, Mich), Slovene Studies (New York), Serbian Studies (Chicago), The Polish Review (New York). A monograph Humanism and Hellenism in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (in the Course of the Sixteenth Century) is expected in the near future.

An active member of several American Slavic Associations.

EDO PIVČEVIĆ teaches Philosophy at the University of Bristol, England. His books include Ironie als Daseinsform bei S. Kierkegaard (1960), Husserl and Phenomenology (1970; translated into German 1972, and Korean: sixth impression 1982), The Concept of Reality (1986). Contributor to Mind, Sociology, and other journals.

JAMES J. SADKOVICH earned his Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin in 1982, and currently teaches at GMI. He is the author of Italian Support for Croatian Separatism, 1927-1937 (Garland, 1987), and has published in a number of journals. He has done research in Italy and Yugoslavia, won awards for the writing of military history, and currently is a John M. Olin fellow at Yale. His most recent publications include "Understanding Defeat: Reappraising Italy's Role in World War II", Journal of Contemporary History (1989); "Re-evaluating Who Won the Italo-British Naval Conflict, 1940-42", European History Quarterly (1988); and "Terrorism in Croatia, 1929-1934", East European Quarterly (1988). At present, he is working on a study of Italy's war effort during World War II.